Justifying device for typewriters and the like



June 5, i923. SZSSE K. c. O'BRYAN ET AL JUSTIFYING DEVICE FOR TYPEWRITERS AND THE LIKE Filed March 1B. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheel 2 n@IlIIIIHIIHIIIlllllmllllrl IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII El I lill IHN/IH IH lill lil III] IIIIIIIIIIII,

W/TNESSES l/VVE/VTOHS KC. OB? wo JW w A TTOH/i/EYS June 5, 1923.

K. C. O`BRYAN ET AL JUSTIFYING DEVICE FOR TYPEWRITERS AND THE LIKE 3 Sheets-Shed: 5

Filed March 18, 1922 U Aida@ Patented lune 5, 1223 NETE@ STATES NETE C. OBRYAN AND JAMES Parana carica.,

WM. OBRYAN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT F COLUMBIA.

Application filed March l, 1922. ySerial No. 544,872.

To all 'whom it mary concern Be it known that we, KENNMH C. OBRYAN and JAMES W'. OBRYAN, citizens of the United States and residents of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Justifying Devices for Typewritersand the like, of which the following is a specification.

Our present invention relates generally to typewriting machines, and more particularly to improvements therein and attachments thereto having for their purpose the justification of lines of typed matter and the graduated spacing of characters in a line, the invention being applicable to typewriters, stencil cutters and other key actuated devices having movable carriages and a normally unadjustable escapement control lfor the carriage.

Our primary object is to permit of adjust- -rnent in respect to the spaces between letters for either a full line or any portion of a line of typed matter, inorder to completely justify lines, by an apparatus which is readily applicable to typewriters and similar nia-v chines.

It is a well known fact that typewriters ordinarily provide for regular releasing movements of their carriages, which movements are standardized in respect 'to the particular type employed in the machine, and are ordinarily capable of adjustment to a llimited extent only, as in the case of tabulating devices, and not, even in this instance for the'purpose of, or ordinarily capable of use in, line justification.

By the use of our improved device a wide .range or graduation in the extent of each 4&0 feed movement of the carriage may be provided for without interfering with the normal standardized operation of the escapev k. ment and byt means capable of easy quick application to`a typewriter as well as adaptability to typewriting machines of various makes.

ln ythe accompanying drawings which illustrate; our present invention and form a part ofi this specification,

Figure l -is a rear elevation showing certain parts of a conventional typewriter and illustrating the practical application of our invention thereto,

Figure 2 is a sectional top plan View thereof,

Figure v3 is a sectional side View,

Figure 4 is a detail section through the ratchet or'click wheel and the clutch provided therefor,

Figure 5 is a front elevation showing the controlling dial, and

Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating different positions of a member controlling Spacing? between typed characters.

eferring 'now to thesefigures ourlinvention proposes an apparatus applicable to a typewriter between the escapement mechanism thereof, shown in the present instance of conventional form as including a click mechanism l0 and a ratchet or click wheel l11, and the carriage 12 shown as provided witha rack bar 13, it being understood that the carriage is in this instance as it is in the tempt to show, andin the well known manner, upon depression of any printing key or the space bar, so that the escapement including the part-s 10 and 11, functions as the usual escapement.

Our improvements may be mounted in a supplemental frame 14 secured at the rear of the main frame 15 of the typewriter and supporting in horizontally slidable relation an upright vertically slotted adjusting slide 16 having a horizontally outstanding rack bar 17, and also supporting a horizontally slidable controlling rack bar 18, the latter movable in portions of the frame 14 above and parallel with the rack bar 17 of the adjusting slide. rlhe ractabar 18 has at one end an angular pin 19 disposed in the lengthwise slot 20 of an inclined controlling arm 21, the latter having a laterally projecting pin 22 slidably disposed in the vertical slot 23 of the adjusting slide 16 and having at. its upper end a laterally projecting pin 24 pivotally connecting the same to the upper end of a vertically shiftable rack bar 25.

The controlling rack bar, whose movement is'controlled by the 'position-of the" lacinclined control arm 21, is in engagement with a gear 26 mounted on a shaft 27, the latter having a larger vgear 28 thereon engaging the carriage rack bar 13 so that 1t is obvious that through the carriage controlling spring tending to move the ca rriage in the direction of the arrow a 1n Figure 1, the controlling rack bar 18 will likewise be out of tension at all times tending to' move the same in the direction of the arrow a and this tension will off'coursebe communicated through the pin 19 to themclined arm 21 tending to shift the vertical rack bar 25 upwardly at all times 1n view of the fact that the adjusting slide 16 is held immovably in position except when the parts are to be adjusted.

The vertical rack bar 25 1s tubular 1n formas will be seen by a comparslon of r Figures l and 2 and is mountedto slide vertically ony an upright 29 of the supplemental frame 14, its rack teeth being 1n engagement 'with a gear 30 the latter as most clearly shown in the. detail Figure 4 mounted yloosely on a shaft 31 to whlch the click wheel 11 is secured by suitable'means as for instance a key 32,. Extending toward the click wheel 11, gear has a conical lextension 33 forming one part of a clutch the other part of which is in the nature of a conical sleeve 34 having a iange 35 at one end engaged by a spring 36 around the 1- sleeve, lone end of which bears against' the click wheel 11g 4so as to normallyxshiftthe clutch collar 34' rearwardly into engagement andclutching action with the inner port or cone 33. Collar 34 hassockets 37 into which pins 38 projecting laterally from the click wheel 11V loosely project so that it becomes obvious that movement of the vertical rack. bar 25 in an upward directlon depends upon release of the click wheel 11 by -the click mechanism 10 throu h the clutch, disengagement of the latter o which in turn obviously permits off unlimited movement of the carriage as far as the esca ement is concerned. v

he rack bar 17 of the adjusting slide 16 is lengaged by a gear 39 upon the rear portion of `a shaft 40, gear 39 being :secured on the shaft and the latterhaving at lits rear end a vsecond locking gear 41the teeth of which are normally engaged by a locking dog 42 .havingfr 4this purpose a gear engaging nose 43at one end and pivotally mounted at its opposite end at 44 upon a portion of the bracket 1'4. This 'dog 42 is normally controlled and held in engagement with-.the locking gear 41 by a sprin 45 and it thus becomes obvious that t e a justing slide 16 movable. j v

lShaft 40 rextends forwardly through whatever portions of the frame 15l of the `the direction of -thereof, is swung forwardly is normally held im-v d typewriter it may be necessarfy to extend the same and is provided at its orward end beyond the front of the typewriter frame 15 `with an index wheel 46 secured thereon and having a pointer 47 to coact with the circular dial 48 upon the front of the frame 15 around the index wheel, the dial being graduted from zero to a point correspond# ing to the greatest desiredv number of, spacing movements of the carriage during the typing of a line andit is thus obvious that upon rotation of shaft 41 which .thus'becomes the adjusting shaft,` the adju'stin slide 16 will be vshifted to theright or 'le dependig'upon the .direction of such rota- .tion and providing of course the dog 42 has been lowered against the' tension of its spring 45 so as to "release the locking gear 41 for rotation. y f y In order to relasease the dog'42 it is pro-I rearwardly bent lower end 50 as seen in Figure 3, the-latter adapted to be engaged by the forwardly projecting lug 51 of a collar 52 securedupona shaft 53 mounted in bearings 54 of the rear supplemental frame 14, this shaft also having a rigid u right arm 55 pivotally connected to t e rear end of a controlling bar 56, the latter like Kthe shaft 41 being extended forwardly sol through the controllingv typewriter ,frame 15 at any suitable` point of the latter, with a forward reduced end 57 projecting through a slot 58 in the front wall ofthe frame 15, a spring 59 normally holding the forward end of this bar down so that it be- .comesv necessary to raisel the/reduced for= .ward end 57 against the tension of spring 59 in order to shift the bar forwardly in its length to rock shaft 53.

It-will be noted from Figure 3,that when Y bar 56 is elevated and shifted forwardly.I to rock'the s haft 53, a notch 60 in the fo`r. ward portion of its `upper edge receives ;a protuberance 61 of spring 59 soas to" hold the .bar temporarily in. its forwardly shifted Position. Y f i Upon forward shifting movement of the",` controlling bar 56 andconsequent rocking movement of shaft 53, an upwardly projecting forwardly inclined clutch releasing arm 62, rigidly connected to the shaft and upstanding therefrom yadjacent to onev lend so that its up# per laterally projecting pin 63, Iwhich is nor-l mally disposed rearwardly lof the rear Amo.

fianged end 35 of the'clutch sleeve 34, will i byengagement with this flange 35 shift the clutch sleeve 3 4 forwardly against the ten-y shaft 31 independent-bf the clutchl releasing-:arm62 also having a forwardly projecting finger 64 adjacent to lits upperV end which upon forward-moveiso 35 vided with a depending arm 49 having a l Menace ment of the arm is extended across one side of the click wheel 11 and beneath one of the teeth thereof so as fto lock the click wheel against accidental rotationy while the adjusting slide 16 is moved, it being obvious that when this adjusting slide 16 is moved'to vary the inclination of the inclined controlling arm 21, the latter is rocked on the slide pin 19 of the adjusting r-ack bar 18 as a fulcrum and therefore the vertically shiftable rack bar 25 must move up or down as the case may be. l

An upper bracket 65 movably supports by a pivot 66 one end of a locking arm 67 having oppositely angularand downturned gripping teeth' 68 adjacent to its said pivoted end as particularly shown in Figure 2, disposed at opposite sides of the carriage rack bar 13 so that when the opposite end' of this arm or locking lever 67 is shifted rearwardly from the normal position shown in `Figure 2, its teeth 68 will engage and grip opposite sides of the carriage rac-k bar 13 and lock the rack bar and consequently the carriage from movement. The free end of this locking lever 67 is slotted as shown 1n Figure 2 to receive therethrough the uprmght arm 69 of a belll crank 70 whose lower orwardly projecting arm is pivotally connected to the upper end of a rearwardly and upwardly inclined connecting bar 71. The lower portion of` this arm is slidable through the guide 72 of a bracket 73 shown in Flgure 3 and the lower end of the connecting arm has a laterally projecting pin 74 extendlng through a lengthwise slot 7 5 of the controlling bar 56 so that when the reduced forw-ard end of this bar is initially raised the connecting bar 71 is elevated and the bell crank 70 is rocked upwardly and rearwardly in order that the locking lever 67 may be rocked thereby and' its toothed locking pieces '68 shifted into binding engagement with opposite side faces of the carriage rack bar 13 whereby the carriage will be held stationary while adjustment of the slide 16 is being effected.

It is -thus obvious that the particular degree of inclination of the slotted controlling arm 21 controls the extent of lengthwise movement of the controlling rack 18 upon step by step movement allowed the vertically shiftable rack bar 25 at eachoperation of the escapement, `and it will be observed from the diagram Figure 6 that as the inclination of this controlling arm 21 approaches the vertical, the spaces are reduced in extent as indicated by the series of lines 1 while as the inclination is increased the spaces become greater in extent as seen by a comparison of the lines 2, 3 and 4, it being obvious from this that a gradual change in the degree of the spaces maybe effected from practically a zero point up to the greatestinclination of' which the con-'trolling arm is capable and the click wheel.

that this change will be registered by the operation of the pointer 47 with the circular dial 48 so as to indicate the total number of spaces in a line corresponding to each and every position of the controlling arm.

ln this operation and in the adjustment of the parts, it is obvious' that while the adjusting slide 16 is normally locked by the dog 42, this dog is released, the carriage rack bar 13 is gripped and held, and the click wheel 11 is'securely locked against rotative movement whenever the controlling bar 56 is raised andpulled forwardly, so that the key controlled escapement of the machine and the carriage will be held in the same relative positions during adjustment of the slide 16 in order that after this slide has been shifted by rotation of the shaft 41 and the controlling bar 56 is pushed inwardly andv dropped to its normal position as seen in Figure 3, the carriage and escapement will resume operations from-the same point ex actly that operation ceased when it was desired to make adjustment. lt is plainly to be seen from this that we avoid any jump or irregular spacing of the parts where for instance it is desired' to change the spacing between characters during the typing of a line, that is after the line has been started and before it has been completed.

It will be noted from Figure 3 in particulai` thatthe clutch releasing bar 62 is in two parts normally in endwise abutting relation and so hinged at 62?l that the upper part carrying the click wheel locking finger 64 and the clutch sleeve releasing pin 63 will move with the lower part when shaft 53 is rocked in a direction capable of throwing out the clutch sleeve and, locking 'llhe upper part of this clutch releasing bar, being movable on the hinge 62*l in a -forward direction independently of the lower part permits the clutch to be thrown out independently of the action of the other parts controlled by the rock. shaft 53 and we .therefore provide an independent clutch releasing rod 76 whose rear end is loosely attached at 77 to the upper portion of the clutch releasing bar, this rod 76 being movable through guidesv 78 at one side of the typewriter frame 15, as seen in Figure 2, and provided at its forward end witha button or handle 79 so that when it is desired to move theqv carriage for a considerable portion of a line without necessitating a step by step shifting thereof through the escapement as in its normal operation, the operator may simply pullyod 6 forwardly lwhich will rock the upper portion ofthe clutch releasing bar 62 in a forward direction upon the hinge 62a and the clutchv sleeve 34 vmay in this way be shifted forwardly to released position so that the carriage is thus free .to be shifted to the point desired in a single movement.

We claim: N 7` 1. A line justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and anescapement inc uding a click wheel, said device comprising a controlling rack bar having a geared connection with the carriage rack, a slotted adjusting slide normally immovable and disposed at right angles to said rackbar, a second rack bar paralleling and spaced from the adjusting slide, a gear engaging said last named rack bar, a clutch normally connecting the said gear with the .click wheel, a slotted controlling arm inclined between the second rack bar and the said adjusting slide and pivotally connected to the former andv having a movable connection in the slot of the latter,

i connections for adjusting the said slide to vary the inclination of the controlling arm,

and a member carried by the controlling rack bar and movably disposed inthe slot of the controlling arm.

2. A line justifyingdevice for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and a escapement including a click wheel, said device comprising a controlling rack bar having a geared connection with the carriage'rack, a slotted adjusting slide normally immovable and disposed at right angles to said rack bar, a second rack bar paralleling and spaced 'from the adjusting slide, a gear engaging said last named rack bar, al clutch normally connecting the said -gear with the click wheel; a slotted controlling arm inclined between the second rack bar and the said adjusting slide and pivotally connected to the former and having a movable connection in the slot of the latter, connections for adjusting the said slide to vary .the inclination of the controllin arm, a 'member carried by the control ing rack bar and movably disposed in the Aslot of said controlling arm, connections for'manually vslfiifting the said adjusting slide to varyfV the inclination of the controlling arm, 'a locking member normally securing said adjusting connections against operation, and manually yactuated means for releasing said locking member.

3|. A vline justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and an'escapement including a click wheel, said device comprising a` controlling rack -bar having a geared connection with the carriage rack, a slotted adjustin slide normally immovable and ,dispose at right angles to said rack bar, a second rack bar paralleling and spaced from the adjusting slide, a gear'engaging said lastfnamed rack bar, a clutch normally connecting the said gear with the clicl wheel, a slotted controlng arm inclinedjbetween the second rack bar and the said adjusting slide and pivot'- ally connected to the former and having a movable connection in ltheslot of the latter,

actuated means for releasing said lockingv member, said lock releasing means also having connections for releasing the clutch and holding the click Wheel and carriage against movement when the slider is released for adjustment. f l

y 4. A line justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and an escapement including a click wheehsaid device comprising a controllingl rack bar having a geared connection with the carriage rack, a slotted adjusting slide normally immovable and disposed at right angles to said rack bar, a second rack bar ,paralleling and spaced from the adjusting slide, a gear-engaging said last named rack bar, a clutch normally connecting the said gear with the click wheel, a slotted controlling arm inclined between the second rack bar and the saidv adjusting slide and pivot-` ally connected to the former and having a movable connection in the slot of the latter, connections for adjusting `the said slide to vary the inclination of the controlling arm,

a member carried by the controlling rack bar and movably disposed in the slot of said controlling arm, connections for manually shifting the said adjusting slide to vary the inclination of the controlling arm, a locking member normally securing said adjusting connections against operation, a rook shaft, manually controlled connections for actuating the rock shaft, releasing means for said locking memberactuated by the rock shaft, carriage holding means movable into active position upon actuation of the rock shaft, and a clutch releasing arm mounted on and actuated by the rock shaft having a projecting finger for engaging and holding the click wheel when the clutch is released.

5. A line justifying device for typewriters having a` carriage provided with a rack and an escapement including a click Wheel, said device comprising a controlling rack bar having a geared connection with the carriage rack, a slotted adjusting slide normally immovable and disposed at right angles to said rack bar, a second rack bar paralleling and spaced from the adjusting slide, a gear engaging said last named rack bar, a clutch normally connecting the said gear with the click wheel, a slotted controlling arm inclined between the second rack bar and the said adjusting slide and pivotally connected to the former and having a incassa movable connection in the slot of the latter, connections .'for adjusting the said slide to vary the inclination `of the controlling arm, a member carried by the controlling rack bar and movably disposed in the slot of said controlling arm, connections for manually shifting the said adjusting slide to vary the inclination of the controlling arm, a locking member normally securing said adjusting connections against operation, a rock shaft, manually controlled connections for actuating the rock shaft, releasing means for said locking member actuated by the rock shaft, carriage holding means movable into active position upon actuation of the rock shaft, and a clutch releasing arm mounted on and actuated by the rock shaft having a projecting finger for engaging and holding the click wheel when the clutch is released, said clutch actuating arm upstanding from the rock shaft and being in hinged parts, and a manual movable connection extending from thel upper part of the clutch releasing arm to actuate the latter and release the clutch independent of movement of the rock shaft.

6. Aline justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and having an escapement including a click wheel, said device including a controlling rack geared to the carriage rack, an inclined controlling arm bodily shiftable at right angles to the line of movement of the controlling rack and with which the said controlling rack has a movable controlling connection, means having a geared connection with the click wheel for controlling shifting movements of the controlling arm, and means for varying the inclination of said controlling arm whereby to regulate the extent of each effective movement of the controlling rack.

7. A line justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and having an escapement including a click wheel, said device including a controlling rack geared to the carriage rack, an inclined controlling arm bodily shiftable at right angles to the line of movement of the controlling rack and with which the said controlling rack has a ymovable controlling connection, means having a geared connection with the click wheel for controllingA shifting movements of the controlling arm,

`and means for varying the inclinatlon of said controlling arm whereby to regulate the extent of each eective movement of the controllin rack, said connection between the contro ling arm and the click wheel including a clutch, and means to release said clutch whereby to permit the controlling rack to move independent of the escapement. i

8. A line justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and Eil the said controlling rack has a" movablecontrolling connection, means having a geared connection with the click wheel for controlling shifting movements of the controlling arm, and means for varying the inclination of said controlling arm whereby to regulate the extent of each efective movement of the controlling rack, said last named means including manually actuated and normally locked adjusting connections, means for releasing said connections for eective operation, a clutch in the click wheel connection, and means for disengaging the clutch simultaneous with the actuation of said releasingmeans.

9. A line justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a rack and having an escapement including a click wheel, said device including a controlling rack geared to the carriage rack, an inclined controlling arm bodily shiftable at right angles to the line of movement of the controlling rack and with which the said controlling rack has a movable con.- trolling connection, means having a geared connection with the click wheel for con-I trolling shifting movements of the controlling arm, and means for varying the inclination of said controlling arm whereby to regulate the extent 'of each effective movement of theV controlling rack, said last named means including manually actuated and normally locked adjusting connections, means rfor releasing said connections for effective operation, a clutch in the click wheel connection, means for disengaging the clutch actuated by the said releasing means, and other means for disengaging the clutch independent of the releasing means.

10. A line justifying device for typewriters having a carriage provided with a 4rack and having an escapement including the controlling rack and with which the said controlling rack has a movable controlling connection, means having a geared connection with the click wheel for controlling shifting movements of the controlling arm, and means for varyingthe inclination of said controlling arm whereby to regulate the extent of each effective movement of the controlling rack, said last named means including manually actuated and normally locked adjusting connections, means for releasing said connections for e'ective operation, a clutch in the click Wheel'onnecincluding an inclined controlling arm bodi y shiftable during normal operation, together with means for'varying the inclination of said arm whereby to regulate the extent of movement of the carriage upony each move- 4writers having a carri-age an'd an escapement, s ald devlce compmslng connectronsi between the esbapement and the carriage' ment of the escapement. l

12. A line justifying device for typeincluding an inclined controlling arm bodily shiftable during normal operation, a nor' mally locked adjustin member movable to vary the inclination o said controlling arm whereby to regulate the extent of each movement of the carriage upon movement of the escapement, and means 'for releasing vand maneges adjusting said member.

13. A line justifying device for ytypewriters having a carriage and an escapement, and adjustable means between `the escapement and the carriage controlling the extent.

of each "movement of the carria e at each actuation of. the escapement inc uding an inclined controlling member Whose degree of' inclination controls the extent of each operative movement of the carriage, and meansjfon adjusting the'inclination of said member.

l 14;'. .A Aline justifying n device for type Writers having a carriage and an escapement,

including adjustable 'means between the escapement and the carriage controlling the extent of each movement of the carriage at each actuation of the escapement, means for -adjusting thesaid rst named means and means to ylock the eseapement and the carriage against movement during adjust#4 ment of said means.

KENNETH e. onRYAN.

u s oBRvAN. 

